Axial & Equatorial Substituents in Chair Conformers

Jmol models of some cyclohexane conformations are displayed here. If all three models are not displayed, it may be necessary to reload the page by clicking the reload button. In the structure on the left, the axial hydrogens of cyclohexane are colored red and the equatorial hydrogens are blue. This conformer is best viewed as a stick model, which can then be converted to the other equivalent chair conformer (axial is blue and equatorial red) by clicking the bottom button under the graphic.
Two chair conformers of methylcyclohexane are displayed to the right. The sterically crowded environment of an axial substituent should be evident from these models, which may be viewed in spacefilling and stick forms as well. The gauche-like orientation of the axial methyl in the structure on the right is illustrated in color (the magenta bonds trace one of the two gauche relationships, while the magenta + orange bonds trace the second). The steric hindrance of the axial methyl is shown in red in a spacefilling model. These models may be rotated by clicking on the structure and dragging the mouse. Holding the shift key during this operation allows zooming. A full menu of options appears by clicking on the Jmol logo in the bottom right corner of each image.

Axial & Equatorial Bonds

 

Equatorial Methyl Substituent

 

Axial Methyl Substituent

  
  
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        magenta =1st gauche relationship
        + orange = 2nd gauche relationship